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Scottychaos
Engineer
   
1st Class Member
USA
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Posted - 18 Apr 2002 : 11:10:09
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Ok, here is a rough (VERY rough!) rendering of a Mason Bogie based on the "Highland light" scheme.
I used the Highland Light lithograph, and the text posted by Andy in the "long" thread as guides.
Im not sure about the undercarrage under the cab, so I just painted it black for now..also note the drivers should not be a solid color, they should have spokes..and there should be more pinstriping. I just used one of Dave's old drawings..when he has the new full-size drawings I will re-paint with one of those, and it will have much more detail. this drawing is just to give a rough idea of the color scheme.
Any thoughts/corrections/problems with this are welcome! this is just a first draft, I want to make as accurate a rendering as possible, so I want criticism!
Scot

here is a snappier version of the HL lithograph. I tweaked the saturation.

and the original, this is what it looks like in the book.

The Drivers in this litho apperar to be Red. Andy's data only makes reference to "burnt Orange" any thoughts on that?
AND...just to keep this all together, here is Andy's post from the other thread.
quote:
Something more on Bogie colors (colours):
(From a posting to the DSP-P eGroups dated 8SEP00)
List,
First of all, Jerry Kitts says hello to the list. He is not currently on this list or any of the others. Just too much e-mail taking time away from running Foothill Model Works. I told him that the subject of Mason Bogie colors had come to the surface again, and specifically about the colored Mason Lithe he saw in Mass. He wants me to pass on to the group what he saw there.
The museum did not just house the locomotive items. Remember, Mason was a textile man. He stated that the Old Colony group was originally in the original Mason plant. At that time they had all of the Mason records. Just as though the shop had closed for the night and the employees never returned. I think it was in the early 60's that they suffered a fire. He saw pictures of the interior before the fire. All kinds of patterns, parts and Mason stuff in general. A great deal of the paper work was lost in a fire (the So. Park stuff) as well as most of the wood patterns for sand casting. The remaining railroad collection was moved to their present location and the railroad items are packed away. Amongst the hundreds of drawings there are also many many hand written letters from Mason himself. Way to much paperwork to sort through in a few days time. Somewhere in the collection, he felt there must be notes or orders to the paint shop.
Anyway, on to the colors. I had a chance to talk with him at length about the colors and the notes he took. The litho is of the loco Highland Light, a 4-4-0. He was told that this color print was typical of the paint schemes used on all Mason loco's, not just the Bogies. And that the colors used in the litho were to be used by the shop in painting their locos. He said that the hand applied colors to the print were done very professionally, complete with all the shade and shadow, pinstripes and curlicue's. Baldwin had their color "Lake", Mason had his Green. In short, the color scheme was quite stunning and good looking. We must remember that Mason was an Englishman, as were his workers, and the loco's have that English look to them in regards to colors.
I realize that trying to describe colors verbally is a pretty sad way of getting the message across, but using his notes, I'll try.
The Boiler - Russian Iron with polished brass bands. Nothing "blue" at all in the Russian Iron. Very much a gun metal grey color with the highlighted areas (reflected sunlight) looking silver-grey.
Smokebox and Stack - A slate grey or dark graphite color.
Cab, Tender, Pilot and Rear Truck Sideframes - Green. Not really an apple green, a bit darker. (See earlier discussions today on this color. Floquil makes a color called "Light Green", No. 110040 in their solvent based paint line. It's just a hair lighter than that. I would say it's really more of a medium green, but certainly not a real dark color. The cab also has some other details. The window frames are not painted, just natural colored, clear finished wood. The wood moldings under the edges of the cab roof are also natural wood. Other wood moldings around the sides of the cab are a silver-white color.
More on the Tender - Lettering on the sides of the tender is done in a burnt orange. There are horizontal stripes in burnt orange running around the top and bottom of the sides of the tender. All around the tender!, wrapping around the water wings, down the sides and I presume across the back. Each of these orange stripes is bordered by black pinstripes, then a small gap (showing the green), then cream colored stripes. All of the scroll work is done in cream. Grab handles are silver-white. The tender frame is also burnt orange with silver white highlights. The tender wheel centers are burnt orange with silver-white side walls on the tires. The rear truck side frames are green with stripes of silver-white and the burnt orange.
The Pilot - Green with silver-white and the burnt orange stripes on the ends of the front beam.
Sand Dome - The base was Russian iron with orange stripe around it. Bottom band, center section and upper band were polished brass. Upper part of dome was green with the center cap polished brass.
Steam Dome - Same as sand, except entire dome from bottom band up was polished brass.
Headlight - Basic color was green. Raised panel (door?) on side of lamp was green with thin silver-white pinstripes around the edges. Remainder of side was burnt orange. Front of lamp was green. Protruding ring around lens was burnt orange. Top appears to be black/graphite color. Base of lamp was polished brass. Lamp brackets were green with burnt orange trim on inside of cast in holes.
Cylinders, steam chests, valves and piping - polished brass
Front truck wheels and drivers - same as rear truck wheels, burnt orange centers. The centers of the wheels (ends of the axles) had concentric circles of the same colors used elsewhere with additional colors. About nine shades total. The driver spokes had pinstripes radiating out from the center, forming a sharp point. These extended out about 1/3 the length of the spoke.
Running boards - clear wood edged with polished brass.
Rods and valve gear - shiny metal color??
Well, that should be enough to digest. He did add the comment that he didn't doubt the word of the curators there. They were very cordial and helpful as well as being quite knowledgeable about the collection of drawings and paper, Many of the drawing were very large, 4' x 8' or larger. All were ink on linen and in very good condition. Most were machining drawings of the individual components used in the construction of loco's with parts lists describing which parts to use in the building of a particular engine. He also stated that he saw plans for std., 3' and 30" gauge engines - all bogies.
Thanks,
Doug Heitkamp
(Further comments from a friend: A colored rendering of the "Highland Light" appears in "Railroads in the Days of Steam", American Heritage Junior Library, American Heritage Publishing Co, 1960, pg 139. The Highland light was built in 1867, when it was usual to apply lots of ornamentation to locomotives. The thesis that all the bogies, and in particular the South Park's bogies, built in 1877-1880, followed the conventions of 1867 is hard to swallow. The surviving builders photo's, while still showing ornamentation similar to that described above, show several dark and light shades for the basic colors of the engines, so I question that they were ALL a near apple green. But I do think a dark green engine, white or gold lettering and red shading would look sharp. A machinist friend years ago showed me some apple green sheet metal that he claimed was Russia Iron. He had used it to lag the cylinder of a stationary engine model. So the lagging could be a green shade too, to complement a basic green engine.)
Andy
 Scot Lawrence Rochester, NY USA http://gold.mylargescale.com/Scottychaos
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Towne Comee
Railway Exec (Moderator)
   
1st Class Member
USA
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Posted - 18 Apr 2002 : 12:20:45
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quote: Andy's data only makes reference to "burnt Orange" any thoughts on that?
They builder or the engineer was from the University of Texas?


Towne Comee
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Tom L.
Conductor
  
USA
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Posted - 18 Apr 2002 : 13:26:47
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I looked at the way the light reflects from the tender of the Highland Light. I believe that I am seeing something like highlighted areas of green reflection reflecting off the curved parts of the tender body, set against a much darker background of greenish-blue. Same for the cab. I reckon that Andy is right about that.
I had no idea that Mason used green! So much for me trying to mentally colorize old B&W photos.
----Tom
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Scottychaos
Engineer
   
1st Class Member
USA
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Posted - 18 Apr 2002 : 13:36:39
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Tom, im not sure what you mean.. it looks (to me) like the cab and tender are all one shade of green. I dont see a "much darker background" and I don't see where andy's post said anything about that either. could you clarify please?
one thing I don't like about my painting is I couldnt make the paint look glossy..I think photoshop 6 has some kind of filter that will create gloss highlights, but I only have photoshop 5. (I tried to put highlights on the brass though! it sort-of works..) also, I would like my Green to a shiny metallic green! and the "gun metal grey" of the boiler should look metallic too.. thats difficult to render with just solid blocks of color. hmmm..but like I said, this is only the first draft, it will get better!
another thought..is perhaps the "burnt orange" of the drivers and tender wheels actually more of a Red? as depicted in the HL lithograph? maybe its not literally Orange..
Scot
scot
 Scot Lawrence Rochester, NY USA http://gold.mylargescale.com/Scottychaos |
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David Fletcher
Railway Exec (Moderator)
   
1st Class Member
Australia
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Posted - 18 Apr 2002 : 21:35:38
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Real fine work Scot, We'll make sure you get the detail colour help to refine the scheme as much as it is possible to do. This is a very good first indication.
Thanks Scot,
Fletch.
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cjwalas
Engineer
   
1st Class Member
USA
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Posted - 18 Apr 2002 : 22:38:03
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I found the HL litho in two books (so far). They are both different qualities of color. They would indicate that the color green is something like the nearest corner of the tender in your "snappier" version. Also the burnt orange shows up well in both my prints and does indeed look like a burnt orange, not red. Not much like either of your versions, more like a brick orange. Don't know if my prints or percptions are any more accurate, but I though I'd throw them in anyway. Thanks for your effort ,Scot. Chris
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Scottychaos
Engineer
   
1st Class Member
USA
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Posted - 19 Apr 2002 : 08:58:10
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Color test #2. I like this one a lot better! (im putting labels on these, so that years from now, when someone stumbles arcoss these images, there will be no doubt as to what they are about, and that they have been artifically colored..)
hows this??

Scot
 Scot Lawrence Rochester, NY USA http://gold.mylargescale.com/Scottychaos |
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cjwalas
Engineer
   
1st Class Member
USA
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Posted - 19 Apr 2002 : 10:54:43
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Scot; LOVE IT! The colors sure look a lot closer to the stuff I've got. Not only that, it just looks cooler! Neat stuff! Chris
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Mr. Cater
Brakeman

USA
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Posted - 19 Apr 2002 : 11:54:48
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Nice work Scot,
I've done a fair amount of research on colors used in paint and clothing during the mid to late 19th century, in connection with some projects at our local state historical site. Lots of people think, based on the black & white photography of the time, that the Victorians were a drab bunch who dressed in somber clothing. In reality, as your rendition of the Mason Bogie indicates, the 60', 70's, and 80's were times of bright, even garish colors. Aniline chemical dyes and pigments in a range of bright colors came on the market starting in the 60's and were wildly popular. It is fair to say that the Victorians were drunk on color. --- Randall Cater
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Tom L.
Conductor
  
USA
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Posted - 19 Apr 2002 : 23:12:42
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Scot: Good work there! Quite artistically done. Your second version with the darker green seems a bit more apt-looking to me.
Here's why I say this: I have looked at B&W photos of British steam locos (whose colors are well known). The ones with apple green boilers, like Flying Scotsman, look light and the boilers contrast markedly with their black smokeboxes. Locos that are a medium green, like the Schools class 4-4-0s, look a tad less light in black and white pics. Lastly, latter-day british railways engines with their dark green colors turn up as almost black in the photos. And so forth.
That's why I make the same sort of inferences with the South Park engines and wind up leaning toward the dark greens. But the builders photo of the Breckenridge with its non-russia-iron looking, light colore painted boiler has me stumped.
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Jim Wilke
Brakeman

USA
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Posted - 26 Jul 2002 : 18:03:00
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Hey Scot! Nice job on the Mason tests, they look very nice. This is Jim Wilke, the "old time engine color" guy, aka "unprintable" for those who dont like my work on the Jupiter.
Maybe I can help you with a few details on your engine.
Named for the Cape Cod lighthouse just rebuilt by 1867, Highland Light is an excellent example of Mason's work in the late 60s. I have seen two versions of the print, with minor variations. One has the striping and lettering in gold and white (VERY NICE) while the other is in gold, white and red. On a large copy of the print I own there is no burnt orange visible, nor is it consistant with Mason to use contrasting tender frames with tanks, or trucks.
Mason's skill was in simple schemes, bold but simple graphics, and an overall elegant product.
The wheels on HL are red, not orange; its possible some lithos may have faded. The brass steam dome top would not be typical either for Mason or the 1870s; he championed iron beads for both dome and sandbox. Dome and sandbox bases are painted iron, not Russia, as there is no insulating value to them.
The tender tank, frame and trucks are green, so is the engine cab, dome bases, headlight, cowcatcher and so on. The top of the cab is a dark grey; the boiler jacket Russia iron grey-silver, (Mason did not use green tinted Russia iron, although the PRR did in the 1860s).
For the bogie, paint the dome bases, beads and tops green, also the entire frame, including springs, cylinder saddles and so on. Rods are polished iron as are on the reversing gear and valves. Headlight brackets are cast iron, not brass - I've seen no variations.
Red wheels might be acceptable for an early bogie, but by the mid 1870s they are going out of fashion; I suspect most bogies had wheels painted to match the rest of the engine.
While some photos appear to show bogies with contrasting colors on cabs and tenders, I strongly doubt it - bad taste for the time, and a photographic fillip. Elegant, quiet and tasteful (but slightly brassy) is the mode.
Overall, I find evidence for single color engines, or occasionally with contrasting wheels, the strongest. Greens are the most likely but blues, wines and Tuscan browns are all possible.
Have fun, and keep up the good work
Jim
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Crisolite
Foreman
 
1st Class Member
USA
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Posted - 27 Jul 2002 : 00:38:49
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Jim, welcome to MLS. I have a question that you might be able to answer. What is the painting in the murals in the tender of 119. One of my future projects is to paint a tender similar to 119's for the garden railroad. Most of the full size equipment I've worked on is logging equipment. Loggers tended to paint most loco's black with a little white trim to make them fancy. I think the name passenger train in garden should be a little more colorful.
Type at you later... Ed |
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Steve Stockham
Engineer
   
1st Class Member
USA
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Posted - 27 Jul 2002 : 05:32:47
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Jim, Welcome! It's great to have your expertise on the project!
Steve Stockham Kansas Central & Colorado R.R.

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peter bunce
Railway Exec (Moderator)
   
1st Class Member
United Kingdom
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Posted - 27 Jul 2002 : 07:25:29
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Hi All, Re Burnt orange.
First I live in England so I may be well out! If so sorry!
I am also aware that colour perception is a VERY contentious issue indeed!, and our memory is even more more so. Remember that Victorian colours were mixed 'as required' from solid colour powder (made from block) and mixed into Linseed oil, which itself varied in colour as well. Thus every colour batch could be different. There are instances here in England when a colour mixed by the 'Day Shift' for an engine was a totally different shade to one mixed by the 'Night Shift' - and both were to the same colour mixing table! Even the seasons will affect the colour as well - even more so once the (engine) is out on the road working for its living, ignoring the undoubted 'muck' that it also accumulates. We are our own engineers and can do what we like! My perception of 'Burnt Orange' is that it was like the colour that the Great Northern (of USA)- (was that called vermillion?) used on their boxcars - a bright red or a dark, (but still Bright) orange colour close to but not the same as vermillion - in effect a very small touch of red-brown mixed in to an orange base colour which will be a mix of yellow (which?) and red anyway. Adding a red brown introduces a touch of blue into the mix. Red brown is one of the cheapest colours known to man basically being fixed 'rust' - Red Oxide/Indian Red being just two names for very similar & long lasting (though they could & did fade at times). But it is a good 'tinter' for other colours.
Burnt orange is not in the same colour range as the Rio Grande yellow, (used before their very definite orange?) This (Rio Grande) had possibly a small amount of red somewhere, which will warm it up from a somwhat 'coldish' (lemon)yellow.
Red is a colour with more blue in it than orange thus you are going to a different hue range. The lighter (vermillion etc.) reds having very little blue, needless to say, also the type of blue (which before chemical dyes was an expensive colour), will also vary the result as well.
Having said all that I like you renditions Scotty, keep up the good work.
I will now quickly retire to the (deep)bunker to avoid the incoming flak and the 'larger still' bursts!
Yours Peter Bunce
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Scottychaos
Engineer
   
1st Class Member
USA
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Posted - 28 Jul 2002 : 12:02:00
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Hi Jim! thanks for dropping in! my version of a Mason Bogie painted in the Highland Light scheme is not based on any actual known mason bogie.. its just that we had the HL lithograph of a 4-4-0, and it seemed likely and possible that a bogie of the same era might have been painted in that scheme. We are assuming the HL litho is an accurate rendition of the real HL. maybe that isnt even a safe assumption! 
I did do a second version of the HL bogie for Dave's upcoming chapter 2, which will have a lot about Mason's color schemes. I have it on my computer at work, I will post it tomorrow (monday). I made some changes to the boiler and domes.
I will make up a new drawing based on your suggestions, see how it looks! when chapter 2 comes out, please feel free to drop in with any color ideas you have! Color has been a major questionable area with this project, so the more people working on it the better! thanks, Scot
 Scot Lawrence Rochester, NY USA http://gold.mylargescale.com/Scottychaos |
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Jim Wilke
Brakeman

USA
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Posted - 02 Aug 2002 : 12:12:21
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Hey Scott,
Thanks for all the good work and thanks too for the welcome from the group. I took a look at my larger print of the HL and also went through a few Mason drawings and photos since the last post. Maybe a few notes would be of interest -
I know of three lithos from Mason, and have seen two in person. They are beautiful works of art, from the draftmanship to the detailed description of the locomotive represented. They are:
Amazon (1856) two versions, one green with red wheels, one blue with red wheels; engine frame black Phantom (1857) blue with red wheels; engine frame black (my friend Jack White says he has seen a red version at the B&O museum, but I havent seen it; a recent show there showed the blue/red version) Highland Light (1867) green with red wheels; engine frame and dome bases black
In addition, documents from the Mason archives show 1870-71 Masons painted "black as the devil" or in blue with polished German silver trim. That these engines are noted and not others usually indicates a custom request, rather than a standard factory color.
Angus Sinclair, the great editor of Locomotive Engineering in the early nineteen-oughts, remarked on Mason's use of green with gold trim as a reformation of the overly opulant color schemes of the day. However, this was written in about 1910, when Walschearts valves were coming in, and Sinclair was praising Mason mostly to provide and endorsement of the valve gear - "see? Mason used it way back when, and he was so farward looking!" Of course, Mason never used the gear when not necessary, and green with gold was pretty standard throughout the 1800s. Nonetheless, Sinclairs comments helped guide the B&O's "restoration" of No. 25 in 1926 to green and gold. Accurate? Not really, but part of the era's take on the not so recent past.
Most builders had a standard factory color scheme, and often times two schemes: Rogers, for example, usually painted engines green with vermilion wheels and the tender flange wine, but also had variations in wine with vermilion wheels and green or ultramarine blue panels on the tenders. It seems that "good finish" engines got the former, while "best finish" engines got some version of the latter. No.119 was in "best finish."
Hinkley used a dark green, with black stripes - employees joked that Old Man Hinkley liked it so much he wanted the bucket for his ashes painted to match. A Hinkley litho similar to the HL shows a medium green with red wheels and a bronze green tank and cab, showing variations over the decades of Hinkleys running around.
I've found at least five to six basic factory color schemes for Baldwin in the 1860s alone, with four to five variations in the 1870s as well. Sometimes they overlap, and usually last 4 years or so, before changing to a new color scheme.
So how does this all relate to HL?
We know that documented Mason colors are green, blue and black, sometimes with red wheels.
All known Mason engines have matching tenders, tender trucks and frame, etc.; cabs are nearly always painted, and Mason introduced and championed painted iron dome beads, as well as matching dome and sandbox profiles.
Mason used black engine frames, unusual for the time. Most builders painted the engine frames in color and striped them (green with black stripes or wine with imitation gold stripes for Rogers, for example) or polished them. The cylinder saddle and pilot beam were painted in colors (on the HL, the saddle is green). This can only suggest a Yankee frugality on the part of Mason- a moral refusal to ornament something impossible to see. I've only found one other example of this, and on the Central Pacific shop-built engines under AJ Stevens, and Stevens was a fan of Mason!
Because engine frames and dome bases were painted to match (via the componential attitudes to color used at the time; I could explain, but its way too long, unless someone really wants to hear) parts closest to the boiler (frame, dome bases) were painted to match, hence, in the HL, black. On the HL, the dome bases are also striped in red. The lithographer's attempt to represent varnished black paint is the source of the Russia iron interpretation.
Mason championed "elegance" in an age of "opulance." The rest of the industry took note and followed by 1870. As a result, Mason's name was highly regarded by railroaders everywhere, and well after his death. In the 1890s, glowing descriptions of his engines ususlly focus on how modern they are apart from size. Baldwin copied Mason's design and turned it into the basic meat and potatoes road engine of the 1870s - the domes are Mason's, as is the basic porportions.
Mason used a two color scheme - say, blue or green with contrasting red wheels. Mason also used bold but simple striping instead of heavy opulant scrollwork. HL has a little scrollwork, but tasteful, and balanced.
By 1875, contrasting wheels had gone out of fashion industry wide; a single color was used for an engine, "wheels and all." There are exceptions, but it remains the standard.
HL has a brass steamdome cover. These were popular until 1870, then disappeared overnight, literally, from new engines. Most RR builders knew each other, kept an eye on each other's products, and often did the same thing at once. Mason also pioneered painted iron dome covers by the 1850s and 60s, usualy with a brass insulating wrapper. An all brass steamdome cover on a bogie would be not be used, although brass wrappers are common.
So how does this apply to the bogie? Here are a few recommendations: Paint all in one color (the dark green on the second illustration is PERFECT) Dome & sandbox beads are painted; wrappers are sometimes brass. Wheels might be red, or the same color of the rest of the engine later in production. The foreward bogie frame might be black, but the cylinder saddle and pilot beam,cowcatcher are painted in colors. The rear frame was painted to match the engine, varnished and striped. Cabs are painted. Choose dark colors common to the coal burning '70s; dark green, blue or black are known. Options could include a dark wine, lake or brown; all are common to the time and plausable.
Another factor in favor of dark green - gold looks better on it, not so good on light or medium green. When Rogers used a medium green, black was the striping color.
Mason championed the forward thinking concept of the "unit" in the Mason bogie, so cabs, tenders, domes, etc. painted in a disparate cacophony would not only be out of place for a Mason, the 1870s in general, but also the intention of the machine as a ubnified whole.
I looked at a few photos and here's a quickie estimate:
Stockton, an early '70s bogie for the stillborn Stockton & Ione: dark green with red wheels, dome & sandbox wrappers brass, cylinders brass. A very pretty little engie, and one that calls for nice colors and red wheels, very much like the second color test.
Admiral Almy, a late bogie: black, dark blue or lake, wheels, same, gold ornamentation. Actually I think it would look very handsome in black and gold! This is the sophisticated period, with refined gold trim, so black would work well. Drop black would be best - a deep black with blue in it, for the richest, "wettest" black possible.
Well, enough of the rant. The whole point is to have fun.
Jim
PS: Ed, for the tender of No. 119, the artist who worked for Rogers painted a landscape of an Arabian desert, with date palms and groves in the distance. Each painting on either side of the tender was differentWe dont know his name, but photos of Rogers engines with his work shows he liked to paint trees: sometimes a single tree, centered in the picture. I call him the "tree painter" for lack of a better name.
Rogers orders for some Central Pacific ten wheelers named Buffalo, Grizzley, White Bear, Gorilla and Mountaineer note that the landscape paintings on the rear corners of the tenders were to depict the names of the engines. The tenders were painted in the same style os UP No.119, and you can only imagine little polar bears, or gorillas on the rears.
As a general hint for landscape paintings, try not to get too cute - most were fairly mundane Hudson River School style images of lakes, rivers, or some bucolic scene. However a nude was painted on the side of at least one locomotive headlight historically, and a Baldwin built for the Fort Dodge & Fort Riley in 1878 or so had a landscape on one side of the tender and an indian scene on the other.
Have fun!
J
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